Ontology-based Key Event components - Tags to facilitate gathering similar KEs under umbrella(s) within the AOP framework

The Key Event (KEs) components represent KE identifiers based on structured pre-defined terms from 22 biological ontologies currently available in the AOP Wiki (DOI: 10.1089/aivt.2017.0017). They are intended to capture the detailed free text KE description within three machine readable components: ‘Process’, ‘Object’ and the type/direction of the perturbation (’Action’). One or more sets of two (Objet/Action; Process/Action) or three (Process/Object, Acton) ontology terms can be used to describe a KE depending on complexity. However, these KE components have not yet been systematically or extensively applied to define or group similar KEs. The presentation explored the complexity and difficulties of the current use of KE ontology terms.and proposed new approach to better align the human generated free text content to relevant and informative KE components, based on greater use of the (i) information related to the methods for measuring the KE perturbations, and (ii) Large Language Models for more objective analysis of the free text. In addition, it is proposed to define distinct sets of composite tags of KE components (‘tokens’) containing two or three ontology terms. Such machine readable ‘tokens’ would potentially enable more objective and efficient grouping of similar KEs.