ADVANCEMENTS IN CHRONIC BACK PAIN MANAGEMENT AND PHYSIOTHERAPY

Background: The term LBP, which stands for low back pain, describes a well-known and intricate condition. It has multiple diagnoses, causes, and treatments. Accurate assessment and treatment selection are vital for each patient. This issue discusses key topics such as differentiating chronic from acute LBP, therapy connections, psychological factors, and the impact of body weight on LBP, especially in youth. Managing chronic pain in physical therapy and rehabilitation requires specialized expertise. Objective overview of the types, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of Back Pain. Methods: a comprehensive review of Back Pain and therapy. The PUBMED and Google Scholar search engines were the main databases used for the search process, with articles collected from 1999 to 2024. Conclusion: the multifaceted management of chronic low back pain (CLBP) has evolved into a sophisticated, patient-centered approach that combines traditional treatments, advanced surgical techniques, minimally invasive procedures, physiotherapy, and personalized care. This comprehensive framework addresses not only the physical aspects of pain but also the significant psychological and social dimensions that exacerbate CLBP. Conventional methods like NSAIDs, physical therapy, and cognitive-behavioral therapy remain foundational, while innovations such as Spinal Cord Stimulation, regenerative therapies, and the Intercept Procedure provide targeted relief for those unresponsive to standard treatments. Physiotherapy interventions, including supervised exercises, hydrotherapy, and manual therapies, enhance mobility and self-management, empowering patients to take an active role in their recovery. The rise of personalized care further enables customized treatment plans tailored to individual needs, supported by digital tools and patient-specific devices that foster effective, long-term management. Together, these integrative approaches underscore the importance of adapting treatment to the complex nature of CLBP, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for those affected and pointing toward a more accessible, effective, and patient-centered future in chronic pain management. Keywords: low back pain, Classification, Clinical Presentation, Management, Physiotherapy.