Surgical Results of Cholecystectomy in Iraq

Background: Gallbladder disease, or cholecystitis, is a highly complex pathology with a proclivity for increased prevalence due to sedentary lifestyles and poor dietary habits. It represents one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine and evaluate the impact of laparoscopic cholecystectomy on patients’ quality of life following surgery. Patients And Methods: To achieve the study objective, we collected pathological and clinical data of patients with gallbladder disease from hospitals in Baghdad - Iraq. During the period from January 2022 to October 2023, 77 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy were recruited. This study determined diagnostic data for patients' gallstones. In addition, patients' surgical data, mortality rate, pain rate, hospitalization, and postoperative quality of life of patients were recorded. Results: The current outcomes revealed that individuals aged 60 years and above constituted most participants, accounting for 42.86% of cases. There were 23 male cases and 54 female cases. Concomitant disease was present in 71 patients, while the poor diet was identified in 81.82% of patients. A family history of gallstones was reported in 16 patients, and the operation time was mean operative time was 80.50 ± 30.15 minutes, with a mean blood loss of 72.46 ± 21.33 millilitres. Seven cases (9.5%) exhibited postoperative bleeding. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 4.7 ± 1.1 days, with three cases (4.2%) requiring admission to the intensive care unit. Concomitant bile duct stones were present in 11 patients (15.3%). Based on the results of the quality of life (QOL) health questionnaires completed during the follow-up period, the current findings indicated significant improvements in the QOL of patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. There were notable improvements in physical mobility (91.25 ± 5.93), emotional well-being (89.71 ± 2.84), and pain levels (80.52% of patients reported lower pain scores). Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomies represent one of the most prevalent forms of laparoscopic surgery globally and are regarded as a highly standardised and secure procedure