Correlation between serum SUMO1 level and hypertriglyceridemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Objective·To explore the correlation between serum small ubiquitin-like modifier 1 (SUMO1) levels and hypertriglyceridemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods·A total of 239 newly diagnosed T2DM patients were recruited from the endocrinology clinic of Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, between September 2020 and March 2021. Among them, 92 patients had hypertriglyceridemia, and 147 patients did not. Basic information and laboratory parameters were collected. The differences in serum SUMO1 levels between the two groups were analyzed. Factors influencing hypertriglyceridemia in patients with T2DM were analyzed, and the impact of serum SUMO1 levels on the risk of hypertriglyceridemia in T2DM patients was investigated.Results·Patients with T2DM and hypertriglyceridemia had significantly higher serum SUMO1 levels compared to those without hypertriglyceridemia (1 114.99 pg/mL vs 902.43 pg/mL, P<0.001). Binary Logistic regression analysis suggested that serum SUMO1 levels (OR=1.527, 95%CI 1.200‒1.943), glycated hemoglobin (OR=1.202, 95%CI 1.038‒1.391), and blood uric acid (OR=1.006, 95%CI 1.003‒1.010) were independent risk factors for hypertriglyceridemia in patients with T2DM. After adjusting for various confounding factors and stratifying serum SUMO1 levels into quartiles, the risk of hypertriglyceridemia in T2DM patients with the highest quartile (Q4) of serum SUMO1 levels was 2.707 times higher compared to those in the lowest quartile (Q1) (95%CI 1.231‒5.951). Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis revealed that female gender, waist-to-hip ratio, triglycerides and serum creatinine were independent risk factors for elevated serum SUMO1 levels.Conclusion·Serum SUMO1 level in patients with T2DM complicated with HTG is significantly higher than that in patients without HTG, and the serum SUMO1 level is an independent risk factor for T2DM complicated with HTG.