Research progress on the metabolic functions and protein compositions of plant peroxisomes

Peroxisomes are multifunctional organelles that are ubiquitous in eukaryotes. In plants, peroxisomes have very diverse functions in primary and secondary metabolisms and play important roles in plant growth and development as well as in stress response. Therefore, the study of plant peroxisomes is of great significance for improving crop yield, quality and stress resistance. The metabolic functions of peroxisomes depend on peroxisome-localized proteins, including various enzymes and membrane proteins responsible for substance transport; thus revealing the protein composition of peroxisomes is beneficial for understanding their metabolic functions. This paper summarized the main metabolic functions of plant peroxisomes and the proteomic studies of plant peroxisomes. Furthermore, we concluded with an outlook on future research directions related to plant peroxisomes and their relationship with agriculture.