New advances of influencing factors and primary prevention in atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis （AD） is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by dry skin， recurrent itching， and eczema-like lesions， which can significantly reduce the quality of life. In recent years， the global prevalence of AD has been increasing， with a particularly marked rise in China. Research has shown that air pollutants can damage the skin barrier through mechanisms like oxidative stress， thereby increasing the risk of AD. Various exposure factors， including diet and allergens， also significantly influence the onset and progression of AD through different mechanisms. Furthermore， psychological factors such as anxiety and stress can exacerbate AD through neuroendocrine regulation. Obesity is closely associated with AD， particularly among children and adolescents. Given the diversity of factors and mechanisms influencing AD， a comprehensive approach to primary prevention that considers multiple factors is warranted.