Chinese Expert Consensus on Application of HPV Vaccine in Perioperative Treatment of High-Grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (2025 Edition)

In women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) undergoing excision therapy, vaccination with human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine may reduce the risk of postoperative recurrence. However, research data and clear application guidelines are currently limited in China. The Cervical Cancer Prevention and Control Research Committee of the China Maternal and Child Health Research Association gathered a team of relevant experts to develop the consensus based on the characteristics of clinical practice in China. This expert consensus suggests that women of appropriate age, without contraindications, with histopathological confirmation of HSIL, and who underwent excision treatment should receive a prophylactic HPV vaccine to reduce the risk of recurrence. The recommended vaccination time is as early as possible after HSIL diagnosis or after resection treatment, and the recommended vaccination procedure is three doses. For women who have already received an HPV vaccine before treatment, there is no need to receive again after excision therapy. For women who underwent resection treatment, even if they have received HPV vaccines, regular follow-up should still be conducted in accordance with the post-treatment management guidelines. Vaccination cannot replace routine follow-up.