Military architecture aspects in the countries of the Islamic Maghreb through the book “Dictionary of Countries” by Yakut Al-Hamawi (626AH/1229AD)

Aims: This study aims to shed light on military architecture in the Islamic Maghreb through the book of Mu'jam al-Buldan by Yaqut al-Hamawi. It also aims to highlight the significance of this type of architecture, and how it developed throughout the Islamic history. Methodology: The current study adopted the historical-descriptive and analytical approach to illustrate the importance of the military architecture in the Islamic Maghreb. The study also provided a detailed descriptive picture of this architecture, its structures, plans, and locations. The study also analyzes its defensive and military significance, as well as the essential role it played in protecting Islamic lands. Results: After analyzing the gathered information, the study confirmed an understanding of the personal life of Yaqut al-Hamawi, from his early years to his creative period in acquiring and trading books. The study also highlighted his numerous journeys across the Islamic world, which enabled him to compile his book Mu'jam al-Buldan. Conclusions: The study emphasized the importance of military architecture mentioned by Yaqut al-Hamawi in his work regarding the Islamic Maghreb, such as castles, fortresses, and walls. The research also revealed that military architecture was constructed primarily for protection and in the spirit of jihad. It can also be concluded that the establishment of such military architecture was largely motivated by the need to safeguard the inhabitants from enemy invasions.