Review of ESA Listing Factor Threats for the Olympic Peninsula Steelhead DPS, 1996–Present: Appendix B to NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-NWFSC-198

Section 4(a)(1) of the ESA directs NMFS to determine whether any species is threatened or endangered because of any of the following factors: (1) the present or threatened destruction, modification, or curtailment of its habitat or range; (2) overutilization for commercial, recreational, scientific, or educational purposes; (3) disease or predation; (4) the inadequacy of existing regulatory mechanisms; or (5) other natural or man-made factors affecting its continued existence. Section 4(b)(1)(A) requires us to make listing determinations after conducting a review of the status of the species and taking into account efforts to protect such species.