Lateral Formwork Pressure in self-compacting Concrete: A Review on Models

<div>Self-compacting concrete (SCC) has revolutionized concrete technology by enhancing construction efficiency and quality through its ability to flow and consolidate without mechanical vibration. This paper reviews various models developed to estimate lateral formwork pressure exerted by SCC during placement, a critical consideration due to the dynamic pressures that exceed those of conventional concrete. The review encompasses foundational theories, including silo theory, and examines models proposed by notable researchers such as Rodin, ACI 622, Adam et al., Gardner, and the hurd Amendment, each contributing unique insights into the factors influencing lateral pressure. Key variables discussed include concrete placement rate, temperature, mix design, and vibration techniques. The findings emphasize the necessity for careful formwork design to mitigate risks associated with excessive lateral pressures while maximizing the benefits of SCC. By integrating recent research and established models, this paper aims to provide engineers and construction professionals with a comprehensive understanding of lateral formwork pressure in SCC applications, ultimately promoting safer and more efficient construction practices.</div>