Innovation in the blue economy and environmental sustainability in marine and fisheries strategy

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of Indonesia has introduced its Blue Economy framework to promote sustainable use of marine and fishery resources while ensuring ecosystem protection. This study explores five key initiatives launched by the Ministry focused on ecological sustainability and leveraging Indonesia's marine biodiversity: expanding marine conservation areas, implementing a quota-based fisheries system, monitoring coastal and small island regions, advancing sustainable aquaculture, and addressing marine plastic pollution. This study examines the implementation of the Ministry's fisheries blue economy initiatives, aiming to formulate future strategies based on lessons learned from two years of execution.METHODS: To assess the implementation of these key initiatives, participatory approaches, including focus group discussions, semi-structured interviews, and key informant interviews, were utilized to gather insights into program implementation experiences and lessons learned. The interviews were conducted in person using a mix of closed and open-ended questions, targeting key informants included representatives from four Directorate Generals, seven unit coordinators, non-governmental organization members, and members of fishermen groups. Following a pre-test and subsequent revisions, the final questionnaire was finalized with 25 questions. These covered topics such as knowledge of the Ministry's five key initiatives, understanding of regulatory enforcement, perceptions of blue economy management, and suggestions for future strategiesFINDINGS: The implementation of quota-based fisheries system, known as Penangkapan Ikan Terukur, has demonstrated significant progress, particularly in fisheries management area 718, where increased vessel landings have minimized the need for transporting catches back to Java. Marine conservation efforts have expanded protected areas to 97.5 million hectares, though challenges remain in effectively connecting these areas due to their vast coverage and limited funding. Sustainable aquaculture has been prioritized, achieving a remarkable increase in shrimp farming productivity from 0.6 to 40 tons per hectare per cycle. Additionally, the Maritime Intelligent Platform has streamlined marine and fishery license processes, enhancing regulatory compliance. The Ministry’s public engagement campaign, “Month of Loving the Sea,” has mobilized 2,858 participants over two years, removing nearly 172 tons of plastic waste from the ocean.CONCLUSION: While challenges such as resource limitations and the need for advanced technology adoption persist, the Blue Economy initiatives exhibit strong potential for success. Continuous monitoring and evaluation are essential to address these obstacles, ensuring Indonesia’s commitment to sustainable marine resource management and its Blue Economy principles.