FERROELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF (1-X) BaTiO3 –(X) Bi(Mg0.5Zr0.5)O3LEAD FREE ELECTROCERAMIC MATERIALS( X=0.25).

Advisor: Kebede Legesse (PhD) Ferroelectricity is a crystal property where permanent dipole can be reoriented with an electric field. Because ferroelectric crystals must have a permanent dipole, they are also pyroelectric and must possess crystal symmetry belonging to one of the 10 pyroelectric groups. Ferroelectricity is defined as the property of a material, with two characteristics, that is spontaneous polarization and it is reversible when subjected to external electric fields. The property was first observed in Rochelle salt and is named so because of its analogy to ferromagnetic moment. Other similarities include hysteresis loop, curie temperature, domains and soon. The prefix ferro, meaning iron (Fe), was used at that time because of the presence of the element in the magnetic materials.