Trends in Spatial Justice in Urban Space Planning: A Study of Selected Urban Spaces in 1st Kinda Neighborhood in the City of Kufa–Iraq

The concept of spatial justice is an effective concept that researchers have begun to study to improve urban environments.All authorities seek to achieve this concept at the national, regional, local, and even urban levels.Based on this, the study aimed to derive effective indicators that can be applied to urban space planning, whether at the level of green spaces, open recreational areas.etc.Based on a study of the literature, a set of factors was identified: spatial security, community rights, diversity of activities, spatial empowerment, spatial resilience, accessibility, and social interaction.Several indicators were then derived, like the presence of cameras, participation, and fairness, in addition to the diversity of commercial, recreational, and cultural activities, the presence of training courses and community development programs, adaptability and spatial proximity, as well as the presence of benches, umbrellas, restaurants, and kiosksetc.The study then focused on selected urban space in 1 st Kinda neighborhood in the city of Kufa, Iraq, where indicators were measured using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), field surveys, and questionnaire results using a fivepoint Likert scale, in addition to other statistical methods to quantitatively measure some indicators.The results indicated that the spatial security, spatial resilience, accessibility, and social interaction indicators achieved high levels of satisfaction, while the community rights indicators showed that the participation rate was low and unsatisfactory.However, the justice indicator achieved a high level of satisfaction, while the diversity results were very weak compared to the other indicators.