Artificial Intelligence and Racial Profiling: Emerging Challenges for the European Court of Human Rights

In this Saar Blueprint, the author examines the challenges to the protection of international human rights standards posed by the increasing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in policing, particularly regarding issues of racial profiling. First, the author defines racial profiling in order to conceptualize the issue. He then outlines the international human rights standards relevant to the issue, with a focus on the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). He provides an overview of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) case law on racial profiling and draws structural parallels. Finally, he explains how AI may affect policing and its link to racial profiling, which poses new challenges for the ECtHR.