Research progress on developmental and epileptic encephalopathy

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) is a group of heterogeneous disorders characterized by drug-resistant seizures and neurodevelopmental delay, which can hinder brain development and lead to severe cognitive, behavioral, and motor impairments. DEE is mainly driven by genetic factors, typically with an onset in infancy or early childhood and generally with an overall poor prognosis. This article provides a review of the definition, epilepsy syndromes, genetic etiology, and precision treatment of DEE.