Research on the Identification of Matheran Wine Region in the East Foot of Helan Mountain

Objective: To explore the feasibility of using stable carbon and oxygen isotopes and mineral elements in small-scale regional wine production identification, the fractionation characteristics of stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen in wine of Matheran single wine from different sub-producing areas at the eastern foot of Helan Mountain in Ningxia were studied. Methods: Forty-five samples of Massellan single wine from 5 sub-producing areas of Hongsipu, Qingtongxia, Yongning, Helan, and Zhenbeipu were selected to analyze the mineral element contents and the values of δ13C and δ18O. The fisher linear discriminant analysis method was used to establish a wine region discriminant model based on stable isotopes and mineral elements. Result: Carbon and oxygen stable isotopes exhibited significant fractionation during wine fermentation, with a total δ13C>ethanol δ13C>glycerol δ13C, and the three showed a certain degree of homology. The order of the δ18O size was grape juice δ18O>wine δ18O>water δ18O. As、B、K、Li、Mn、Ni、Pb、Rb、Sb、Sr、Ti and Cs showed significant differences between some production areas (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the distribution of δ13C, δ18O, Ba, Ca and other 13 mineral elements among different regions (P>0.05). The accuracy rate of origin discrimination based on stable carbon and oxygen isotopes was only 40%, while the accuracy rates based on mineral elements and carbon and oxygen stable isotopes combined with mineral elements were both 95.6%. Conclusion: Mineral elements can distinguish wine samples from different sub-producing areas effectively. Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes cannot be used to identify the producing areas of wine from different small-scale regions.