The contribution of psychosocial research to earthquake and tsunami risk mitigation

This article explores the psychosocial dimensions associated with the study of natural hazards, focusing on research activities and key experiences gained during Italy’s major seismic emergencies from 2009 to the present. Particular attention is given to the perception of seismic and tsunami risks, based on research conducted by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) in Italy since 2012. The article examines the memory of past disasters and its role in fostering community awareness of the natural hazards that affect their regions. It also highlights INGV’s initiatives, including risk awareness campaigns targeting citizens and educational programs designed for schools. Furthermore, the seismic emergency information interventions conducted during the three most recent large-scale emergencies—Abruzzo (2009), Emilia-Romagna (2012), and Central Italy (2016–2017)—are presented. These emergency information activities not only meet the need for reliable information and counter misinformation but also offer opportunities for psychoeducational interventions. Ultimately, these efforts aim to offer psychosocial support and promote the restoration of local social networks. The themes discussed contribute to the development of effective strategies and actions for risk reduction.