Modeling of communication within termite-like population using agent-based model: Pheromone evaporation effects

In this study, we evaluate the communication of a termite-like population using agent-based modeling (ABM) with a specific focus on pheromone-based communication. While termites can also communicate through tactile and vibration signals, our model only considers pheromone communication in the context of foraging. The study examines the effect of trail-following pheromones by computing the mean free path of the termites and how pheromone evaporation impacts foraging efficiency. Three basic rules govern the ABM model: (i) agents wander randomly in search of food, but only mature agents can harvest it, (ii) agents sense and track pheromone trails that direct them to food, and (iii) reproduction occurs once sufficient food supplies are stored, while starvation due to aging results in death. Simulation experiments with various scenarios of pheromone concentration show that low evaporation rates enhance self-organization and foraging efficiency. Future research will include statistical verification to measure these effects.