Optimization of VCSS in UAV-Aided Cognitive Radio Networks

This paper investigates the performance of virtual cooperative spectrum sensing, where a single unmanned aerial vehicle performs virtual cooperative spectrum sensing (VCSS) and obtains one-bit binary decisions in different sensing mini slots by circularly flying around the primary user (PU). The sensing results are combined at the end of the sensing radian using the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$M$</tex>-out-of- <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$L$</tex> rule to determine the PU's state. First, we formulate an optimization problem to jointly optimize the threshold of the energy detector, mini-slot sensing radian, and the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$M$</tex> value of the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$M$</tex>-out-of- <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$L$</tex> rule by minimizing the global sensing error. Subsequently, we propose an algorithm for the formulated problem. Finally, through numerical results, we demonstrate that the performance obtained using joint optimal values significantly improves.