Facile and Low-Energy\nConsumption Synthesis of α‑CsPbI<sub>3</sub> Perovskite\nQuantum Dots for Light-Emitting Diode Applications

Perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) have emerged as promising\nmaterials\nfor light-emitting diodes (LEDs) due to their high-photoluminescence\nquantum yield (PL QY), color purity, tunable bandgap, and cost-effective\nsolution-processability. Among various perovskite compositions, cubic\nphase α-CsPbI<sub>3</sub> PQDs exhibit superior red-emitting\nproperties for LEDs. However, their conventional synthesis via hot-injection\nmethods poses challenges for mass production. In this study, we present\nan alternative, energy-efficient synthesis of α-CsPbI<sub>3</sub> PQDs at ≤60 °C in open air using dodecylamine and oleylamine\nas ligands. By balancing the usage of two stabilizers, dodecylamine\nand oleylamine, a trade-off relationship is identified. Depending\non the stabilizers used in the synthesis, stability, production yield,\noptical properties, and device performance of the PQDs varies. We\nfabricated LED devices using these PQDs, achieving an external quantum\nefficiency of 2.20% and a luminance of 38.9 cd m<sup>–2</sup>, the highest reported for LEDs utilizing low-temperature (≤60\n°C) synthesized α-CsPbI<sub>3</sub> PQDs. The results highlight\nthe potential for energy-efficient and scalable production of high-performance\nperovskite-based LEDs in the future.