Dual Dynamic Coordination-Driven Hydrogels Accelerate\nInfected Wound Healing by Enhancing Nerve Regeneration

Wound\nhealing, a complex process involving hemostasis, inflammation,\nproliferation, and remodeling, is often hindered by factors like infection\nor a weakened immune response. Existing studies often neglect the\ncrucial role of nerve regeneration. Our study introduces a novel hydrogel\nsystem using functionalized bisphosphonic acid grafted onto sodium\nalginate, combined with hyaluronic acid and metal ions (Fe<sup>3+</sup> and Zn<sup>2+</sup>), to enhance wound healing in infectious environments.\nThe interaction between bisphosphonates and Zn<sup>2+</sup> forms\na secondary network that facilitates the release of Fe<sup>3+</sup> and Zn<sup>2+</sup> ions. This mechanism offers broad-spectrum antibacterial\naction and regulates the immune environment, promoting M2 macrophage\npolarization. Additionally, the hydrogel supports neurogenesis and\nangiogenesis, essential for complete tissue repair. Enhancing nerve\nregeneration restores neural function and accelerates wound healing.\nIts injectability, self-healing properties, and biocompatibility make\nthis hydrogel a promising candidate for advanced wound dressings,\npotentially reducing healing time and improving infected wound management.