Numerical study of battery thermal management system with added Iwp structure cooling channel design

The liquid cooling battery thermal management system (BTMS) is crucial for ensuring battery thermal safety. To address the limitations of inadequate cooling performance in conventional uniform channel, a liquid cooling system based on triply periodic minimal surfaces is proposed, with the Iwp structure filled in the coolant flow channels to enhance cooling performance. The effects of different channel designs, solid fractions, filled lengths, and coolant flow directions on the thermal characteristics of the BTMS are investigated. The results indicate that channels filled with the Iwp structure effectively enhance the heat dissipation performance of the battery pack. Among them, the Iwp-sheet channel achieves the best cooling effect, with the Tmax and ΔT of the battery pack reduced by 10.14 % and 10.63 %, compared to the conventional uniform channel. Considering both heat transfer performance and power consumption, it is more appropriate to fill the coolant flow channels with a solid fraction of less than 40 %. The temperature uniformity of the battery pack is prominent when the filled length is 100 mm. The channel with a bidirectional flow design exhibits excellent temperature consistency. Compared to the unidirectional flow channel, the Tmax and ΔT of the battery pack are reduced by 0.74 % and 13.11 %.