Polymeric Gluten\nProteins as Climate-Resilient Markers\nof Quality: Can LC-MS/MS Provide Valuable Information about Spring\nWheat Grown in Diverse Climates?

In this study, the\nimpact of the varying environments,\nwet–cool\n(2017), dry–hot (2018), and fluctuating (2019), on two spring\nwheat genotypes, Diskett and Bumble, grown in field conditions in\nsouthern Sweden was studied. From harvested grains, polymeric gluten\nproteins were fractionated and collected using SE-HPLC and then analyzed\nwith LC-MS/MS. Proteins and peptides identified through searches against\nthe protein sequences ofTriticum aestivum (taxon 4565) from the UniProtKB database showed 7 high molecular\nweight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) and 24 low molecular weight glutenin\nsubunits (LMW-GS) with different enrichment levels for both genotypes.\nGlu-B1 for HMW-GS and Glu D3 and m- and s-types for LMW-GS were dominated\nin both genotypes, and a small proportion of α-, γ-, and\nω-gliadins were also present. A minor variation in HMW-GS and\nLMW-GS compositions was observed between the years, while small amounts\nof heat shock proteins were identified under the “dry–hot”\nperiod for Diskett. In conclusion, Diskett showed more stable and\nclimate-resistant protein patterns in the studied varying climate\nas compared to Bumble. The study highlights the use of proteomics\nand LC-MS/MS for differentiation of wheat genotypes, although it shows\nlow sensitivity in measuring the diverse environment impact on the\npolymeric proteins.