All-in-One Magneto-optical\nMemory Arrays Based on\na Two-Dimensional Ferromagnetic Metal

Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) magnetic materials\nwith\natomic-scale thickness and smooth interfaces promise the possibility\nof developing high-density, energy-efficient spintronic devices. However,\nit remains a challenge to effectively control the perpendicular magnetic\nanisotropy (PMA) of 2D vdW ferromagnetic materials, as well as the\nintegration of multiple memory cells. Here, we report highly efficient\nmagneto-optical memory arrays by utilizing the huge spin–orbit\ntorques (SOT) induced by the in-plane current in Fe<sub>3</sub>GeTe<sub>2</sub> (FGT) flake. The device is constructed from individual FGT\nflakes without heavy metal assistance and allows for a low current\ndensity. The magneto-optical memory arrays implement nonvolatile memories\nfor three bits and can be repeatedly scrubbed for “writing”\nand “reading”. Besides, we show that FGT nanoflakes\npossess current-controlled volatile switching behavior at zero magnetic\nfield. These results provide a solution for the next generation of\nall-vdW-scalable, high-performance spintronic logic devices and SOT-Magnetic\nRandom Access Memory (MRAM).