Progress in the Application of Magnetic Ionic Liquids in Sample Pretreatment for Determination of Chemical Pollutants in Foods

Magnetic ionic liquids (MILs), as a type of magnetic functionalized ionic liquid materials, are characterized by low vapor pressure, wide liquid range, and excellent thermal stability and possess strong designability, easy product separation, and recyclability for repeated use. These properties enable them to tackle problems with microextraction techniques such as difficult phase separation and low reusability. MILs have a broad application prospect in the field of sample pretreatment for food analysis. This article systematically summarizes the varieties and preparation methods of MILs for sample pretreatment for food analysis, reviews recent progress in the application of MILs in the separation and enrichment of various chemical contaminants in foods, including bioamines, drugs, food additives, persistent toxic substances, and inorganic heavy metals. It concludes with an outlook on the future development of MIL-based sample pretreatment techniques for food analysis.