Assessment of Grain Color Parameters With Functional and SSR Markers in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

This study aimed to examine the relationships between grain color parameters and functional markers of color-controlling genes in wheat. Grain color parameters (L*, a*, b*, C* and h°) of the segregated genotypes in the F2 generations of Byrd (red) × Tosunbey (white) and Kayra (red) × Cumhuriyet 75 (white) hybrids were measured. The F2 genotypes with parents were screened with wheat grain color SSR marker (Xgwm155) and functional color markers (Tamyb10-A1, Tamyb10-B1 and Tamyb10-D1). The color alleles possessed by the parents were determined by functional markers. While the parents with white color (Tosunbey and Cumhuriyet 75) were determined to be homozygous recessive in terms of all three-color alleles, Byrd variety with red grain color was found to have the R-B1b allele, and Kayra variety was found to have the red color allele in terms of all three loci. In terms of color parameters, the average color parameter values in the F1 generation and F2 population of both hybrid combinations gave results closer to the parent with red grain color. In the Byrd × Tosunbey F2 population, the interaction of two markers (Xgwm155 × Tamyb10-B1) in the L* color parameter and the Xgwm155 marker in the Hue angle (h°) parameter were found to be important and explained the observed variation by approximately 11%. In the Kayra × Cumhuriyet 75 F2 population, the Tamyb10-B1 marker in the L* parameter and Tamyb10-D1 in the b* and C* parameters were determined to be important and explained approximately 5% of the observed variation.