<b>Exploring the implications of artificial intelligence and automation on future workforce dynamics and skill requirements in Lebanon.</b>

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) and automation is reshaping global labor markets, necessitating a critical examination of their implications for workforce dynamics and skill requirements in developing economies. Lebanon, facing unique socio-economic challenges, presents a compelling case study for understanding how AI-driven disruptions may influence employment trends, skill gaps, and workforce preparedness. This interdisciplinary study conducted by researchers with expertise in engineering, human resources (HR), and supply chain management investigates the transformative effects of AI and automation on Lebanon’s labor market.Through a systematic review of global and regional literature, combined with sector-specific case studies from Lebanon’s key industries (e.g., manufacturing, IT, logistics, and services), this study analyzes:<b>Technological Exposure</b>: The susceptibility of Lebanese jobs to automation, drawing on frameworks like the Frey-Osborne "Task Model" and localized data from the World Bank and Lebanon’s Central Administration of Statistics (CAS).<b>Emerging Skill Requirements</b>: The growing demand for technical competencies (e.g., AI literacy, data analytics) and soft skills (e.g., adaptability, cross-functional collaboration) across engineering, HR, and supply chain roles.<b>Structural Barriers</b>: Challenges unique to Lebanon, including infrastructural deficits, lack of institutional reskilling programs, and policy inertia in addressing digital transformation.Our engineering analysis highlights AI’s dual role in displacing routine tasks while creating high-value opportunities in smart manufacturing and IT. The HR perspective underscores workforce polarization, where low-skilled workers face displacement while professionals with hybrid (technical + managerial) skills thrive. The supply chain lens reveals automation-driven efficiencies in logistics but warns of job losses in traditional warehousing and procurement roles.By contextualizing global trends within Lebanon’s socio-economic reality, this study contributes a framework for inclusive AI adoption in developing economies, offering insights for policymakers, educators, and business leaders.