Management of Patent Vitello Intestinal Duct in Infants: Surgical Review and Clinical Insights

Background: Patent vitello-intestinal duct (PVID) represents a rare congenital anomaly stemming from the incomplete involution of the omphalomesenteric duct. Clinically, it may present with symptoms like fecal discharge at the umbilicus, prolapsed intestine, or a persistent fistula.Objective: This study aims to assess the presenting symptoms, diagnostic techniques, surgical strategies, and outcomes in infants diagnosed with PVID.Methods: A retrospective evaluation was conducted on 42 infant cases treated surgically at a Nangarhar regional Hospital Pediatric Surgical Ward over a one-year span. Patient demographics, presenting features, imaging findings, surgical methods, complications, and outcomes were analyzed.Results: The majority of patients (64.3%) exhibited fecal discharge from the umbilicus, followed by intestinal prolapse (23.8%). Diagnosis was primarily established through ultrasonography (71%), supplemented by contrast fistulography. The preferred surgical intervention was segmental resection of the ileum with primary anastomosis. Postoperative wound infections occurred in 11.9%, with no recorded fatalities.Conclusion: Timely identification and surgical management of PVID lead to excellent outcomes. Complete excision and segmental bowel resection significantly reduce complications and recurrence rates.