Analysis Of Common Vaccines and Associated Adverse Events in Immunized Pediatric Population in India: A Review

As the pediatric population is more vulnerable of developing an adverse reaction due to compromised immunity, immunization is essential in safeguarding children against vaccine preventable infectious diseases. Unlike other drugs, vaccines also have adverse effects, and these adverse effects were frequently observed among children following immunization. The purpose of this review is to gather and discuss the results of clinical studies based on adverse reaction following immunization in pediatric population. A total of 20 full text original research article were obtained based on keywords-: adverse event following immunization, pediatric age group, vaccine adverse event, Indian population using electronic database like Google scholar, PubMed and Indian journals publishing article in the field of immunization induced adverse reaction. Data generated from prospective observational studies reveals that pentavalent vaccine administration is mainly characterized by an increased risk of developing fever. The study was undertaken for evaluating the adverse events following immunization; in the study a total of 20414 children were received 60548 doses of vaccines, out of them 8246 adverse reactions were recorded. Neonates of less than 1 week experienced 40.4% (3331) adverse events. Combination of pentavalent + OPV + IPV contribute maximum 38.1% (3147) adverse event with fever 58% (1826) being the most common clinical manifestation. The study emphasizes the importance of continous monitoring and robust reporting of adverse events following immunization to central drug standard control organization which can helps in identifying and preventing the vaccine responsible for adverse events. The study also proclaim that surveillance of adverse events occurring post vaccination are the need of hour and clinical pharmacist along with other healthcare professional can increase the reporting rate and thus reduce the frequency and severity of adverse events following immunization along with; it improves the public participation in immunization programme.