Multiple myeloma. A case report

ABSTRACT Introduction: Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable, biologically heterogeneous disease of plasma cells. It is characterized by clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells, predominantly affecting the bone marrow microenvironment and skeletal system. MM is considered a disease of the elderly, as most cases are diagnosed at a median age of 69 years. Less than 2% of patients diagnosed with MM are younger than 40 years of age. Case report: A 32-year-old male patient with a family history of multiple myeloma, with wasting syndrome of 7 months of evolution and who presented pathological fracture of the L2 vertebra; chest Computed Tomography (CT) scan showed multiple osteolytic lesions in spinal column, and the laboratory findings showed anemia, renal insufficiency, hyperphosphatemia and hypercalcemia and the serum protein electrophoresis positive for hypergammaglobulinemia, suspecting hematological neoplasia; the histopathological study confirmed a multiple myeloma. Conclusion: In Mexico, the statistics of this type of disease have been deficient, however, this diagnosis must be considered even at young age, since timely treatment reduces morbidity and mortality of these patients, favoring their prognosis. KEYWORDS: Multiple Myeloma, Bone Disease, Cytogenetics, Oncology, Young Adults