Village water survey and study of various parameters of different soil samples

Abstract: Soil puts food on our plates, purifies our water, protects us against flooding and combats drought. Human activities such as transportation, agriculture, and the disposal of industrial and domestic waste contribute significantly to the degradation of natural ecosystems. Among these, environmental pollution of the soil is a major concern resulting from various anthropogenic activities. Soil represents the transitional zone between the Earth's atmosphere, the lithosphere, and the underlying rock layers. It can be defined as the uppermost weathered layer of the Earth's crust, containing a complex mix of living organisms along with the remains of dead and decaying matter. In the present study, an investigation was carried out to analyse both the physical and chemical properties of soil samples. A total of seven representative soil samples were collected from various locations within the Karmoli village. The quality of these samples was assessed through a series of tests, including measurements of pH, electrical conductivity, temperature, moisture content, phosphates, Sodium, Calcium, Potassium, chlorides, alkalinity, carbonate, bicarbonate, and organic matter content.