Effect of Heat Source/Sink and Viscous Dissipation on an Inclined Magnetic Field over a Stretching Sheet: A Numerical Study

Abstract:This study presents a numerical analysis of the steady, two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) boundary layer flow and heat transfer over a stretching sheet influenced by an inclinedmagnetic field. The model incorporates the effects of internal heat generation or absorption (heatsource/sink) and viscous dissipation within the flow domain. The governing partial differentialequations are reduced to a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations through similaritytransformations and solved numerically using a finite difference approach combined with aniterative Newton-Raphson scheme. The impact of various physical parameters, includingmagnetic field inclination, heat source/sink strength, and Eckert number, on the velocity andtemperature distributions is thoroughly examined. Results reveal that the inclined magnetic fieldenhances the resistive force in the flow, altering both momentum and thermal boundary layers.Additionally, viscous dissipation and heat source/sink parameters significantly influence thermalprofiles, which are critical for heat transfer control in engineering applications. The numericalresults are validated with existing literature and show good agreement.