Profiles of Patients based on different Criterias in Relation with Magnetic Resonance Imaging findings and their association with Electroencephalograph Data in children with Focal Epilepsy

Epilepsy is suspected when there is repetition of seizures or an unprovoked seizure is accompanied by a probability of further seizures similar to the general recurrence risk after two unprovoked seizures. Children with epilepsy present multiple challenges to the clinician. The cause and clinical spectrum of epilepsy are extremely wideranging in children. Moreover, there are age-specific changes in the semiology/types of seizures that might be the result of the differences in the connectivity and functionality of different brain regions. Epilepsy is more than a repetition of seizure. Epilepsies due to focal structural lesions are common and easily diagnosed when there is an obvious lesion observed upon neuroimaging, but lesions are not necessarily always visible on conventional MR imaging. Instead, their presence might be inferred from a number of important clinical clues including seizure semiology, neurologic examination, interictal or ictal EEG characteristics, or PET scanning. In this volume, we have grouped the epilepsies based upon the interictal EEG characteristics. Here too, the interictal EEG can be the single most important screening test indicating the presence of a focal structural lesion. Focal slowing, focal attenuation, focal disruption of normal background rhythms, and focal pleomorphic interictal epileptiform discharges are all very suggestive features. By this article, profile of patients based on diagnosis is as follows: majority of them diagnosed with symptomatic focal epilepsy (70%), minimum number of them diagnosed with early childhood occipital lobe epilepsy (2%), some of them diagnosed with late childhood occipital lobe epilepsy (4%), some of them diagnosed with frontal lobe epilepsy (6%), some of them diagnosed with idiopathic focal epilepsy (12%), some of them diagnosed with temporal lobe epilepsy (6%). Profiles of patients based on different criterias e.g. demography, age group, gender of patients, birth of asphyxia, family history, microcephaly have also been examined.