Review Paper on Pathology of Addison's Disease

Addison's disease is a rare but serious condition that affects about 1 in 100,000 people. It occurs when theadrenal glands, which are small glands located just above the kidneys, do not produce enough hormones,specifically cortisol and aldosterone. These hormones are crucial for maintaining various bodily functionsand overall health. In Addison's disease, the lack of cortisol can lead to difficulty in responding to stress andcan disrupt how the body uses proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. Cortisol also plays a vital role inmaintaining blood pressure and controlling inflammation. Aldosterone, on the other hand, is important forhelping the kidneys balance salt and water levels in the body. This balance is key for regulating bloodvolume and blood pressure.When the adrenal glands do not produce enough aldosterone, the kidneys struggle to manage salt and waterlevels, which can lead to dangerously low blood pressure. Addison's disease can affect people of any ageand gender, and without proper treatment, it can be lifethreatening. This condition is sometimes referred toas chronic adrenal insufficiency or hypocortisolism, highlighting the ongoing nature of hormone deficiency