DEVELOPMENT OF CIVILIZATION AND CRAFTSMANSHIP IN CENTRAL ASIA DURING THE TEMURID PERIOD

The Temurid period (14th–15th centuries) marked a significant era of cultural, scientific, and artistic flourishing in Central Asia. Under the rule of Amir Temur and his descendants, the region experienced remarkable development in architecture, urban planning, education, literature, and craftsmanship. Cities such as Samarkand and Herat became major centers of civilization, attracting scholars, architects, and artisans from across the Islamic world. This paper explores the contributions of the Temurid dynasty to the advancement of civilization and craftsmanship, highlighting the integration of Persian, Turkic, and Islamic traditions into a unique cultural synthesis. Special attention is given to the development of architectural styles, tilework, calligraphy, miniature painting, and textile production. Keywords. Temurid period, Central Asia, civilization, craftsmanship, architecture, culture, Samarkand, Herat, miniature painting, tilework, Amir Temur