Flow Analysis of a Couple Stress Fluid Through Porous Media in the Absence of a Pressure Gradient

This study investigates the steady flow of a chemically reacting couple-stress fluid through a porous medium without an imposed pressure gradient. Using the second law of thermodynamics, we analyze entropy generation and thermal irreversibility in the system. The higher-order differential equations that govern the flow, incorporating couple stresses and porous permeability effects, are non-dimensionalized and simplified to obtain approximate analytical solutions. Key parameters such as the stress parameter of the couple and the permeability of the porous medium are examined to determine their influence on flow behavior and the rates of entropy generation. The results provide insights relevant to the optimization of heat and mass transfer in complex fluid systems with applications in chemical and thermal engineering.