Varying Trends of Red Cell Indices across Different Age Groups in A Widely Ranging Urban Demographic Population and Anaemia Patterns: A Comprehensive Study on Prevalence, Morphological Variations, and Policy Implications

Abstract Background: Anaemia remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in South-East Asia. India’s “Anaemia Mukt Bharat” initiative aims to address this issue; however, comprehensive studies on anaemia patterns in urban populations remain limited. Aims and Objectives: This study assesses the prevalence and morphological patterns of anaemia in urban demographics, examining the influence of age, gender, and nutrition on red cell indices and platelet counts while comparing urban and rural disparities. Materials and Methods: Blood samples from 406 diverse participants were collected using EDTA anticoagulant and analyzed via an Automated 5-Part Differential Haematology Analyser. Unpaired T-tests were conducted using WHO reference ranges to evaluate gender-specific variations and anaemia prevalence across age groups. Results: Haematological parameters varied with age and gender. Males exhibited significantly higher red cell counts, haematocrit, and haemoglobin in specific age groups, while females had higher platelet counts, increasing MCV with age, and a greater prevalence of microcytic hypochromic anaemia. Normocytic normochromic and macrocytic anaemia were more common in males. Anaemia prevalence was higher in rural areas than urban areas, though not statistically significant. Conclusion: This study highlights the persistence of anaemia in urban populations, revealing gender and age-related differences. Factors such as food insecurity, nutritional deficiencies, and lifestyle stress contribute to anaemia in urban settings. Current policies primarily target rural populations, underscoring the need for tailored interventions to address anaemia in urban communities.Top of Form