ANALYSIS OF MODERN APPROACHES AND CULTURAL COMPONENTS IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

The relevance of the chosen topic being analyzed in the paper is determined by the following features: since the nature of information conveyed is often conditioned by extra-linguistic factors, and the language, like a mirror, reflects the entire value system and culture of people, then in order to avoid misunderstandings in the process of communication with native speakers, it is necessary to know the norms of speech behavior, including its non-verbal component. Without adequate extra-linguistic knowledge of country studies, full-fledged communication with native speakers is impossible. In this regard, linguistic and country studies acquire special importance, whose purpose is to get acquainted with the culture and traditions of the country through the language and in the process of its study. As a result, the purposeful work on the implementation of the cultural component in foreign language classes, on the one hand, contributes to increasing interest in the subject, and on the other hand, creates positive motivation for the acquisition of linguistic means and the formation of cultural competence with the help and on the basis of these means. A characteristic feature of the process of cultural competence formation is that it is realized in the constant comparison and juxtaposition of cultures differing in their mentality. In order to form cultural competence, the task is not only students’ acquisition of a large amount of information on the cultural topics of the country whose language is studied, but also determination of their place in the spectrum of cultures being studied, and formation of the tolerant attitude in them towards other people’s habits, rituals, and traditions, as well as fosterage of respect for other people’s and own culture, and promotion of the development of such personal qualities as empathy, openness and position perception of new ideas. It is exactly these issues that are analyzed in the paper. The paper also discusses the role of educators in designing and implementing interactive learning experiences that cater to diverse learning styles and promote lifelong learning skills.