Emerging Therapeutic Strategies for Diabetes Mellitus: A Literature Review

One of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases in the world is "diabetes mellitus." India has a number of issues with managing diabetes, such as a growing incidence in both urban and rural regions, a lack of public awareness of the condition, a shortage of healthcare facilities, high treatment costs, and poor glycaemic management and the increasing incidence of complications from diabetes. The most popular method of administering insulin therapy for diabetes is subcutaneous injections, which can occur up to four times daily. Because of problems with patient compliance and the intrusive nature of its administration, long-term insulin therapy has a detrimental effect on patient outcomes. Although type 1 diabetes has becoming more common, type 2 diabetes mellitus remains the main causes almost 90% of all cases of diabetes and is a contributing factor to the diabetes epidemic.A hazardous and common chronic illness that arises from a complex interplay between genetics and environment, together with extra risk factors like obesity and inactive lifestyle. Whereas smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, ageing, and inadequate energy intake are significant risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus; yet, the decline in pancreatic cell function over time is evident.