INTERCALATION OF GRAPHITE WITH MICROCLUSTER WATER IN ULTRASON-IC AND MAGNETIC FIELD

Abstract The article presents an experimental and theoretical study of natural graphite exfoliation by microcluster water in the presence of ultrasound and a stationary magnetic field. Theoretically, ultrasonic exfoliation of graphite is considered as a Stefan problem for a finite cylinder. It is shown that graphite intercalation will increase in the system +liquid-graphite" with an increase in the ultrasound power and surface tension of the liquid. It is shown that water has the highest surface tension (except mercury) and surpasses all liquids in ultrasonic splitting of graphite in order to obtain graphene plates from it. The effect of ultrasound on graphite splitting is far from complete. Particular attention should be paid to the theory of cavitation and its nonlinearity. It is shown that any effect on water (chemical impurities, ultrasound, magnetic field, etc.) leading to an increase in the surface tension of water will contribute to the exfoliation of graphite. It is shown that the energy of graphite deformation under external influence (ultrasound, friction, magnetic field, etc.) is spent on heat, acoustic emission, autoelectronic emission and fractoluminescence. Due to the law of conservation of energy, the energy of deformation should be comparable with the energy of ultrasound, leading to the stratification of graphite with the formation of grapheme.