Design and Planning of a Smart Distribution Network for Power System Reliability: Case Study of Nigerian University Campuses

Power system reliability is essential for ensuring consistent and efficient energy delivery in modern distribution networks of Nigerian Universities. This study focuses on designing and planning a smart distribution network to improve the reliability and sustainability of the power system in Nigerian Universities taking Ajayi Crowther University as a case study. The paper addresses existing challenges such as frequent outages, load imbalances, and inefficiencies by integrating renewable energy sources such as solar photovoltaic systems and wind turbines, along with automated fault detection and load management technologies. Intelligent algorithms and real-time energy monitoring enable predictive maintenance, dynamic load optimization, and targeted conservation strategies, such as automated lighting and temperature adjustments. A comprehensive assessment of the University's current energy infrastructure guides the optimization of load distribution, fault tolerance, and energy flow within the network. The design reduces dependence on external grid supply and diesel generators, lowering environmental impact while ensuring seamless power supply for students, staff, and faculty. Reliability measurements, such as the System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI) and the System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI), evaluate the system’s performance, demonstrating significant improvements in reliability, cost savings, and energy efficiency. This paper provides a roadmap for sustainable energy management and connectivity, establishing a model for similar institutions to address energy challenges and promote sustainable development goals.