Blood lipid profile in diabetics followed at Yaounde Central Hospital: influence of some risk factors, diabetic imbalance and high blood pressure

Abstract: - Diabetes is one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity in Cameroon, with type 2 diabetes (T2D) being the most common. Our work is part of the search for additional solutions to improve the management of diabetic patients. The general objective was to identify the factors likely to adversely modify the lipid profile in people suffering from type 2 diabetes. This was a prospective analytical cross-sectional study conducted at the Yaounde Central Hospital (YHC), over a period of (03) months, from 1st May 2023 to 31 July 2023, on volunteer participants suffering from either diabetes or diabetes hypertension. A questionnaire was used to collect the various data. Statistical analyses using SPSS version 23 software enabled us to identify the factors likely to adversely modify the lipid profile in people with type 2 diabetes followed at Yaounde Central Hospital. Of the 159 patients recruited 109 (69%) were women, 50 (31%) were men, 74 (46.5%) had diabetes alone and 85 (53.5%) had diabetes and hypertension. We have seen that factors such as age, female sex, living environment, high BMI, and hypertension are risk factors for diabetes in the study population, total cholesterol (TC) is influenced by religion and type of anti-diabetic medication, LDL cholesterol (LDL-c) by the urban environment and the triglyceride and HDL association by high blood sugar levels. Diabetic imbalance influences triglyceride levels in the study population as a whole, in non-hypertensive diabetics and hypertensive diabetics, while hypertension does not influence the lipid profile.