Enhancing IOT Data Security in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Blockchain Technology

The rapid growth of Internet of Things (IoT) devices within wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is reshaping various sectors, including smart cities, healthcare, and environmental monitoring. While these advancements bring new opportunities, they also raise serious security concerns— particularly around data integrity, privacy, and access control. Conventional security methods often struggle to keep up due to the decentralized and resource-limited nature of WSNs. This paper investigates how blockchain technology can be used to strengthen the security of IoT data in these networks. By taking advantage of blockchain’s core features— decentralization, transparency, and immutability—we introduce a framework that enhances secure data transmission, user authentication, and accountability. Our approach helps protect against common threats like data tampering, spoofing, and unauthorized access. In addition to outlining the technical design, we examine both the benefits and the practical challenges of implementing blockchain in real-world WSN environments. The goal is to assess whether blockchain can offer a scalable and reliable security solution for the evolving IoT landscape. Ultimately, our findings suggest that blockchain holds strong potential to reinforce trust, ensure data protection, and support the safe expansion of IoT applications