A Brief Review on Diabetes Mellitus and Role of Medicinal Plants in The Management of Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases in which there are high blood sugar levels over a continuous period. Diabetes mellitus is widely recognised as one of the leading causes of death and disability. According to W.H.O. 415 million people are suffering from Diabetes mellitus worldwide, which may go up to 435 million in 2030 and may go to 592 million by 2035. Several mechanisms have been proposed to be responsible for insulin resistance, including increased non-esterified fatty acids, inflammatory cytokines, adipokines and mitochondrial dysfunction as well as glucotoxicity, lipotoxicity and amyloid formation of β. cell dysfunction. Diabetic management includes diet, exercise and combinations of antihyperglycemic drug treatment with lipid-lowering, antihypertensive and antiplated therapy. Traditionally, there are some medicinal plants believed to treat diabetes as they have been proven in research studies to possess anti-diabetic properties. This review focused on types, Diagnosis, Pathophysiology and the medicinal plants used for the treatment /management of the diabetes mellitus.