Fabrication P-N Heterostructure Of Polyaniline – Polyvinyl Alcohol – Tio2 Nanocomposite for Effective Electromagnetic Shielding Application

The significance of low-dimensional, particularly nanosized particles, is underscored by the sol-gel method adopted for the preparation of TiO2. A nanocomposite of TiO2 doped with a PANI-PVA matrix was synthesized using the in-situ polymerization method. The prepared PANI nanocomposite was subjected to Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to elucidate its structural characteristics, while Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was employed to analyze its surface morphology. The direct current (DC) conductivity measurements indicate that the conductivity of the PANI nanocomposite increases with rising temperature, exhibiting a three-step conductivity behaviour. The real part of permittivity (ε') as a function of X-band frequency indicates that the permittivity values of PVA, PANI, and PANI-TiO2 nanocomposites decrease with increasing frequency. The nanocomposite containing 3 wt% TiO2 in the PANI/PVA matrix exhibits a low tangent loss value of 0.34, which decreases to 0.084 as the frequency increases. In the 3 wt% TiO2 PANI-PVA nanocomposites, the reflection loss (RL) peak reaches 16.4 dB at 57.1 GHz, while the electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) improves from approximately -35.2 dB for pure PANI to about -55.6 dB for the PANI-PVA-TiO2 nanocomposite. Therefore, the PANI-PVA-TiO2 nanocomposite can be utilized as a shielding material to create a protective surface layer.