Synergies and Challenges in Biocomputers and Neuromorphic Computing: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract: The convergence of biocomputing and neuromorphic computing represents a pivotal shift in computing paradigms, aiming to emulate natural biological systems. This survey explores their core principles, prospects, hurdles, and current status, highlighting potential synergy. Biocomputing utilizes biological processes and materials for computations, inspired by living organisms' efficiency. Neuromorphic computing replicates brain neural networks for cognitive capabilities and energy efficiency. Despite promising progress with memristor crossbar networks, challenges like limited precision persist. Advancements in neuromorphic engineering enable interfacing silicon neurons with biological networks, exploring previously inaccessible neural properties. Neuromorphic VLSI systems offer compactness and low power consumption, facilitating potential clinical applications in neuro-engineering.