Interleukin-13 Assessment in Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Patients with Periodontal Disease

ABSTRACT: The present study holds significant potential to assess interleukin 13 (IL-13) levels in Crevicular Gingival Fluid (CGF) as a potential immunological marker for bone remodeling in subjects with periodontal disease. Thirty-nine subjects were included, with 19 diagnosed with gingivitis and 20 with periodontitis. The latter were classified following the new classification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases in stages I (6%), II (6%), III (6%), and IV (2%). Crevicular gingival fluid was meticulously collected with filter paper strips. Volume quantification was obtained with Periotron 8000® and analyzed by ELISA, ensuring the accuracy of our results. Diagnosed gingivitis patients showed a mean IL-13 level in CGF of 4.42 ± 7.5 pg/μl; in contrast, patients diagnosed in stage II of periodontitis showed higher (44.3 ± 7.5 pg/μl), followed by patients in stage III (27.5 ± 4.3 pg/μl), stage IV (25.4 ± 10.9 pg/μl) and stage I (13.8 ± 9.3 pg/μl). Due to its role in periodontitis, IL-13 might be a possible immunological marker to differentiate between bone remodeling between gingivitis and periodontitis. IL-13 might be an immunological marker playing a relevant bone role in periodontitis.