Risk management in commercial banks, methodological approaches and practical implementation

This article examines the risk management practices employed by commercial banks, focusing on both themethodological frameworks and their practical application. As financial institutions face increasingly complex anddiverse risks including credit, market, operational, and liquidity risks effective risk management becomes critical toensuring financial stability and regulatory compliance. This study reviews theoretical models, regulatory standards, andcontemporary tools used by banks to identify, assess, and mitigate risks. It also explores case studies of successfulrisk management implementation and highlights challenges such as technological disruptions and evolving regulatorylandscapes. The findings emphasize the importance of integrated, adaptive risk management systems that align withstrategic objectives and foster resilience in volatile markets