A Study on Lipid Profile and Cardiovascular Manifestations in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Abstract Background and objective: This study outlines a comprehensive approach for exploring the interplay between lipid profile and cardiovascular manifestations in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, aiming to provide actionable insights and contribute to the broader scientific understandings of these relationships. This approach provides a comprehensive evaluation of therapeutic effectiveness and helps in identifying factors that could impact treatment outcomes. Methodology: This is prospective comparative study conducted from June 2018 to December 2019 in the Department of Medicine and Cardiology at Paras HMRI hospital Patna, included 165 patients who fulfilled the WHO criteria of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were taken of any age group on the basis of random sampling. The study collected demographic and medical history data using a pre-designed proforma. The statistical analysis of this study was done by ‘S PLUS’’ Statistical software. Result: We compared the lipid profile abnormality of < 10 years and > 10 years duration group, there is absence of difference between two groups which shows that lipid profile abnormality does not varies much with time. We also found no significant relation with respect to lipid profile between the group of glycosylated haemoglobin level HbA1C < 10 and HbA1c > 10 group, this shows that there no significant relationship exists between severity of diabetes and lipoprotein abnormality. Left ventricular abnormalities in type 2 diabetes patients, shows that more the duration of the disease lesser is the E/A ratio, i.e., greater is the diastolic dysfunction. It is found that diastolic dysfunction was more common than systolic in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: No significant change in lipid profile is found between the study group on the basis of duration >10 years and <10 year and severity of type 2 diabetes mellitus i.e. HbA1c >10 and <10. Diabetic patients have cardiovascular dysfunction and it depends on the duration of the disease, also diastolic dysfunction precedes systolic dysfunction and there is no difference between both sexes with respect to diastolic dysfunction. Also, we found that the fasting and post prandial blood glucose level gradually increase with increase duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus.