Optimization & Evaluation of Coating Uniformity in Sustained and Immediate Release of Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPIS)

Since their debut into pharmacotherapy, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have been widely utilized to treat a variety of disorders characterized by excessive stomach acid output. Despite this, there are still unmet demands in terms of availability for patients of all ages. Their low stability prevents the creation of formulations with easily adjustable doses. The purpose of this review is to outline the discovery and development of PPIs, explore formulation concerns, and provide current solutions, prospects, and challenges in formulation development. The review discusses the physicochemical features of PPIs, their relationship to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic qualities, and their stability, including the identification of the most essential variables influencing them. The majority of the review focuses on presenting the state-of-the-art in the development of novel formulations with PPIs, including nanoparticles, microparticles, minitablets, pellets, bilayer, floating, and mucoadhesive tablets, as well as parenteral, transdermal, and rectal preparations. It also predicts future potential for the development of PPI dose formulations. It is aimed specifically at researchers creating new formulations involving PPIs, as it addresses the most critical formulary concerns that must be considered before making a formula selection decision. It may aid in avoiding superfluous efforts in this process and selecting the optimum strategy.